Четверг, 28 марта 2024

Какой будет минимальная зарплата на Кипре?

Пока Кипр думает над введением национального минимального размера оплаты труда, Европарламент, кажется, решит все за него. На рассмотрении ведомства находится законопроект, согласно которому, все страны ЕС обязаны ввести МРОТ не ниже 750 евро.

Сегодня МРОТ по Евросоюзу очень сильно отличаются между собой — самый высокий разнится с самым низким в 10 раз, тогда как средняя зарплата по странам может отличаться и в 100 раз. Гармонизация МРОТ по всей территории Евросоюза станет эффективным способом борьбы с бедностью. Кроме того, преодоление социальной изоляции и сокращение разрыва между богатыми и бедными остаются одними из главнейших целей ЕС.

На Кипре, тем не менее, вопрос минимального размера оплаты труда пока что остается на этапе дискуссии. Основным условием Министерство труда называет сокращение безработицы до 5%, что, с нынешними темпами, должно произойти в ближайшее время (сейчас ее уровень 6,5%). К концу ноября будут готовы официальные исследования этого вопроса и начнутся общественные консультации.

Сегодня минимальной гарантированной зарплатой обеспечены всего несколько специальностей. Правило распространяется только на продавцов, секретарей-регистраторов, ассистентов в госпиталях, детских садах, школах. Согласно распоряжению 2012 года, сумма минимальной зарплаты на Кипре равняется 870 евро в первые полгода работы и 924 евро в последующий срок. Для охранников минимальной оплатой считается 4,9 евро в час в первые шесть месяцев и 5,2 евро в час в последующие. Для сотрудников клининговых служб минимальная оплата на первых порах составляет 4,55 евро, затем увеличивается до 4,84 евро в час. Со стороны оппозиционных партий регулярно звучат призывы повысить уровень минимальной оплаты труда до 1000 евро или даже выше, а также распространить эту норму на все специальности.

В Евросоюзе минимальные размеры оплаты труда есть в 22 странах из 28. Они делятся на три категории. В 11 государствах минимальная зарплата составляет менее 500 евро, в 5 странах – от 600 до 900 евро, в остальных семи государствах – от 1 400 евро. К первой категории относятся:
Болгария — 261 евро,
Литва — 400 евро,
Румыния — 408 евро,
Латвия — 430 евро,
Венгрия — 445 евро,
Хорватия — 462 евро,
Чехия — 478 евро,
Словакия — 480 евро,
Эстония — 500 евро,
Польша — 503 евро.

Во вторую категорию попадают:
Португалия — 677 евро,
Греция — 684 евро,
Мальта — 748 евро,
Словения — 843 евро,
Испания — 859 евро.

К третьей категории относят:
Великобританию — 1400 евро,
Германию и Францию — 1498 евро,
Бельгию — 1563 евро,
Нидерланды — 1578 евро,
Ирландию — 1614 евро,
Люксембург — 1999 евро.

В Италии, Австрии, Дании, Швеции, Финляндии и на Кипре минимальный размер оплаты труда не регулируется государством.

 

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